‘Ilm-I Umran’ of Ibn Khaldun and ‘Sociology’ of Durkheim’s Methodological Comparative Analysis
AbstractIbn Khaldun has repeatedly taken the title of ‘Founder of Sociology’, in fact, it was the founder of a different discipline than ‘Sociology’. When Ibn Khaldun establishing ‘Ilm-i Umran’, he has placed his method on solid pillars. Ibn Khaldun, is considered a “method invertor” who deals with rationalism an empiricism skillfully synthesizing success, handles causality within the framework of ‘Sunnetullah’ concept, and evaluates human societies from realistic windows as a review object, evaluates the economic relations as a dominant factor in a dialectical way. Durkheim, while establishing sociological thinking, method is critically valued. In Durkheim, ‘social facts’ as things, objectively assessed, the handling of social facts on the basis of casuality, the fact that observation based on realistic windows and social facts are external to the individual, constitute pillars of method. In this sense, the comparative analysis of the two founding figures Ibn Khaldun and Emile Durkheim, is important