Industry 4.0 & CAD: Psychological diagnosis with audivisual data
Turgut ÖZSEVEN Muharrem DÜGENCİ
AbstractIndustry 4.0, the 4th Industrial Revolution or the 4th Industrial Revolution was first used in 2011 at the Hannover Fair in Germany. Industry 4.0 basically aims to bring industrial and information technology together. It includes cyber-physical systems, the internet of things, cloud computing and cognitive computing [1]. Industry 4.0 technology will help to detect defects and production errors early and improve quality. Industry 4.0 is aiming at modular intelligent factories, monitoring physical processes with cyber-physical systems so that objects communicate with each other and with humans, making decentralized decisions. The purpose of the Industry 4.0 is not free from human factory. It is to create a human-focused, high value-added organization for all stakeholders with the use of information technology capabilities [2]. Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) is the incorporation of information technology into decision-making processes to support medical field experts. CAD is an interdisciplinary technology that combines artificial intelligence and computer vision with image and speech processing. CAD systems are used to detect abnormalities in data used for diagnostics. Mostly radiological imaging can also be used on speech data as it is the essential data in use [3]. The emotional state of people causes changes in sound structure and face expressions. This situation causes audivisual changes. Audivisual data is also indicative of the person's identity, mental status and physical health. Objective and subjective methods are used for psychological diagnosis, emotional state detection and person recognition. Perceptual evaluation is a subjective evaluation method and is performed by interpretation of the data by experts and by scale data. For this reason, the results vary according to the expert's experience. In order to overcome this problem, objective evaluation methods are used. When objective evaluation is performed, facial expressions are processed by image processing methods and speech are processed by acoustics analysis. The variation of the parameters obtained after the processing of the audiovisual data and the diversity of the affected parameters can be used for psychological diagnosis and emotional state detection [4]. The main purpose of Industry 4.0 is industry-oriented, but also includes the human-focused use of information technology capabilities. When it is considered from the viewpoint of the health sector, it is aimed to capture this revolution by the pharmaceutical industry with the production of medical devices, filling machines and digital codes on medicine. CAD systems have been a subject for many years. However, the use of these technologies as human-oriented can also be evaluated within the scope of Industry 4.0. For psychological diagnosis, the expert needs to pass oral or visual communication with the patient, to apply evaluation questionnaires and to constantly follow the patient. In short, the patient and the expert should have the same place. Within the scope of communication of objects, which is the main topic of Industry 4.0, the necessity of having the same place for the patient and the expert can be removed. Figure 1 gives an example of a CAD system compatible with Industry 4.0. According to Figure 1, the necessity of the expert and the patient to be in the same place has been abolished. Thus, the audiovisual and scale data of the patient can be stored in the virtual environment and used for psychological diagnosis. The psychologist can make a diagnosis by accessing the data on the cloud technology, expert can reach the results obtained through the CAD system. The most important limitation in this given system is that the content of the text to be read or the speech to be read by the patient is triggered by the psychological disorder. Furthermore, it is not possible to apply this system for all diagnostic systems in the health field. Because, besides audiovisual communication with the patient, individual examination may also be necessary.